The Good, the Bad and Argument Essay Samples with Citations

The Good, the Bad and Argument Essay Samples with Citations Even though it's common, student has to find right to become superior grades. Using Google Slides, students may analyze different segments. Whether a worldwide student think her or his English level is good enough to take regular college class, he or she is able to register the normal college writing class. Many foreign students believe they have strong accent, so they are scared to speak in class, he explained. Recent argumentative essay topics that are related to society is going to do. You can also see concept essays. Your essay should consist of recent statistics and data from reliable sources. Argument essays can be organized in an assortment of means. Inspiration to make your own advertising or media argumentative essay topics isn't tricky to discover. The research was done. Embracing all technology results in a broader knowledge of the issue. Sexist advertising needs to be banned 11. There's no limit concerning how high humanity can build homes. A lifetime of handling your family members has helped you determine which arguments work best to persuade every one of them. Annually, people are becoming sicker. There are scores and scores of other nations. Finding the most suitable arguments will allow you to prove your point and win. The additional points together with the arguments are tied together and in the end, the conclusion presents an acceptable details. When you are requested to select a great topic for your argument, start with something you're acquainted with. Argumentative essay topics are so important since they are debatableand it's vital to at all times be critically considering the world around us. The most significant thing you want to understand is that my opinion simply doesn't matter. So following is a great solution for this problem. Be certain that your reply is consistent with your initial argument. Present each argument fairly and objectively, rather than attempting to make it seem foolish. What's more, a verbal argument often focuses on who's right regarding a particular issue, even though a well-written, researched argument essay focuses on what's the most suitable side of a specific matter. Persuasive essay is also called the argument essay. In a nutshell, an argument essay has to be logical from starting to end. Writing an argumentative essay can occasionally be confusing since you don't necessarily understand how to compose a convincing argument. When it has to do with writing an argumentative essay, the main point to do is to select a topic and an argument that you may really get behind. The art of persuasion in a written argument is dependent on whether it is possible to prove to the reader which you are credible enough to chat about something debatable. You could be surprised to hear that the word argument does not need to be written anywhere in your assignment in order for it to be a significant part your task. If you wish to compose a productive argument you must pick the point you wish to make and the audience that you want to make it to.

6 Competitive Advantages You Will Get Crafting Best Term Papers in the Class

No matter what you study in college, odds are good you’ll have to write more than a few term papers during your time as a student. Sure, it’s tempting to make as less efforts as possible, especially if a professor is an easy grader, but taking that approach can hurt you in the long run. Students who take some time to write the best term papers can enjoy plenty of key benefits years down the road. That’s because†¦ 1. High Grades Impress Employers Imagine this situation: you’re fresh out of college, interviewing for your dream job. The company has narrowed their options down to two choices. They’re either giving the position to you, or another candidate with essentially identical qualifications and experience. To make the right decision, they’ll probably choose whichever one of you got better grades in college. Don’t sabotage your shot by doing any less than your best on your assignments. 2. Professors Can Help You Network Very often, your professors know important people in the industry you hope to work in. If they’re pleased with your works and believe that you are a dedicated, talented person, they may help you network with people who can offer you a job. Writing strong term papers is a simple way to make the best impression you can on your professors. 3. You Might Earn Scholarship It’s no secret that college can be expensive. Scholarship helps reduce your expenses, and your school probably offers several of them. That said, if you don’t have high grades, you’re not likely to earn one. Putting in some additional efforts when writing a paper can help you save a lot of money as a student. 4. You Can Join Academic Honors Societies Many colleges and universities have academic honors societies for students with the highest grades in their classes. These clubs don’t just give you the chance to socialize with your peers. They also provide you with opportunities to meet major figures in your field, figures who might secure you a job if they think you’re a hard worker. 5. You Can Write Grants Students who write strong term papers often get involved in grant writing after graduating. Some pursue a full-time career in this line of work, while others freelance for some extra money on the side. Either way, you usually need references to get your foot in the door. A professor who can vouch for the quality of your writing will be very useful to you when you’re looking for ways to earn good money after college. 6. You’ll Have a Sample Work Many employers want to see samples of your works to find out if you’re a good fit for a role. Plenty of people interview well, but not many can show off an old term paper to prove that they truly understand a particular industry. Do your best to write perfect term papers, and hold onto them for future interviews. Term papers aren’t always thrilling to write. But when you make some efforts, the reward isn’t just a high grade. If you make it a point to always submit quality work, there are many benefits to take advantage of in the future.

Crime Data Comparison Paper - 761 Words

Crime Data Comparison Paper CJA/314 February 10, 2014 Christopher Byland Abstract This paper will compare burglary crime statistics between two cities for the years 2005 and 2012 using the Federal Bureau of Investigation database the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program. This paper will also, discuss which area had more reported incidents, what were the rates of the crime for each area, did the rates changed over time in either area, and what factors might explain the differences in the rates. Crime Data Comparison Paper Since 1930, the Federal Bureau of Investigation has been tasked with collecting, publishing, and archiving criminal data statistics in most†¦show more content†¦In 2005, the city of Reno, Nevada had almost three times the population as Sparks, Nevada. However, the UCR data shows that Sparks, Nevada had just fewer than half the burglaries that Reno, Nevada had. According to the UCR, in 2012, Reno, Nevada, had a population of 230,486 people. According to the UCR, there were 1,633 burglaries reported to law enforcement agencies (Federal Bureau of Investigation, 2012). According to the UCR, in 2012, Sparks, Nevada, had a population of 92,387 people. According to the UCR, there were 609 burglaries reported to law enforcement agencies (Federal Bureau of Investigation, 2012). Once again, in 2012, the city of Reno, Nevada had almost three times the population as Sparks, Nevada. However, the UCR data shows that Sparks, Nevada still had just fewer than half the burglaries that Reno, Nevada had. According to the UCR, from 2005 to 2012 Reno, Nevada had an increase in population of 25,737 people, yet between those dates Reno, Nevada showed a decrease of 283 burglaries. As for Sparks, Nevada, the UCR data showed an increase of the population of 8,596 people and just like Reno, Nevada, Sparks, Nevada, showed a decrease of 131 burglaries. Although both cities had an increase in population, both had a decrease in burglaries reported to law enforcement agencies. Most would believe that the increase in population would invite more criminal activity to theseShow MoreRelatedCrime Data Comparison Paper731 Words   |  3 PagesCrime Data Comparison Paper Name CJA/ 314 January, 2014 Dr. Anthony Carbo Abstract In this paper, this student completes the following: This student will compare forcible rape crime rates for California and Oregon. This student will compare the data to show which metropolitan area had more reported incidents of forcible rape crimes. This student will also identify the rates of the crime for each metropolitan area. In addition, this student will address how the crime rate changed over timeRead MoreCrime Data Comparison Paper752 Words   |  4 PagesCrime Data Comparison Paper Randy Morgan Axia College Jennifer Duncan February 4th, 2013 The two metropolitan areas I have decided to do my research paper on are Cincinnati, Ohio and Dallas, Texas. I choose Cincinnati because it is one of the bigger cities where I live. I choose Dallas because there seems to be a big differenceRead MoreCrime Data Comparison Paper813 Words   |  4 PagesCRIME DATA COMPARISON PAPER –Murder Rate According to the FBI Unified Crime Report for 2009, there were 385 murders in that year. The total population for Detroit in 2009 was just over 951,000. (The Neighborhood Scout, 2009) In Minneapolis, a city with about one-half the population of Detroit, the number of murders was 47. Not only is the population less than Detroit, the murder rate 6 times lower than Detroit. Here you can see that population seems to play a role in the amount of murders for theseRead MoreCja 314 Crime Data Comparison Essay1627 Words   |  7 PagesTHIS PAPER IS HERE FOR REFERENCE/TUTORIAL PURPOSES ONLY. IT HAS BEEN SUBMITTED FOR GRADING, SO PLEASE DON’T PLAGIARIZE. Crime Data Comparison: Honolulu amp; New York NAME CJA 314 DATE PROF. Crime Data Comparison Crime is something that occurs throughout the world. To some people it is an incident that adds stress to one’s life, and to others, they see it as a way of life. Over the last years, different areas of the United States have been affected by crime. The Federal Bureau of InvestigationRead MoreCrime Data Comparison1129 Words   |  4 PagesHead: Crime Data Comparison Crime Data Comparison [Writers Name] [Institutes Name] Abstract This paper is about the crime data comparison particularly on the offense of burglary in two different metropolitan regions of the United States. The increasing rate of the burglary offense in association with the number of occurrences reported is also discussed. In addition, the factors that are affecting to the crime rate in such areas have also come under discussion. Crime Data Comparison As theRead MoreThe International Communication Association For An Academic Readership1652 Words   |  7 PagesKathleen Aday, Sean 2003, ‘Television News and the Cultivation of Fear of Crime’, Journal of communication, vol. 53, pp. 88-104. Topic This paper explores the concept of cultivation theory and the way in which violent programming on television can instil fear and influence perceptions when it comes to experiencing crime in the community. In using research findings to explore their hypothesis, the authors focus on analyzing data which underpins their prediction that television viewers are influencedRead MoreJuvenile Crime Statistics677 Words   |  3 PagesIndividual Assignment; Juvenile Crime Statistics Paper CJA374 Juvenile Justice Systems and Processes Francisco Jorge Flores Sr. December 3rd, 2012 Mrs. Amy Gordon University of Phoenix Write a 700 to 1,050 word paper summarizing the key points of the â€Å"Juvenile Arrests 2008† article. Address the following; According to Puzzanchera (2009), on his Juvenile Arrests 2008, article published through the Juvenile Justice Bulletin from the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, juvenileRead MoreSimulation Strategies For Reducing Recidivism Risk1318 Words   |  6 Pageslikely to commit crimes. Therefore, age should be a factor in release programs based on offenders age. This paper is important because it provides a background to practices that have resulted in the United States mass imprisonment of its citizens Vollaard, B. (2013), Preventing crime through selective incapacitation*. The Economic Journal, 123: 262–284. doi:10.1111/j.1468-0297.2012. 02522.x This research suggests that crime can be prevented through selective incapacitation. This paper supports mandatoryRead MoreCrime Rates in America1161 Words   |  5 PagesCrime Rates In America Elliot H. Maysonet CJA/204 08 April 2013 Prof. Ron Alter Crime Rates In America In society’s day and age, Americans believe that crime has been steadily increasing. This perspective is based on information provided to the public by criminologist. Our society relies heavily on statistical data to measure criminality and the effectiveness of the laws that govern society. This data is collected and formulated to create what is known as national crime reports. These reportsRead MoreThe Transnational Crime Of Drug Trafficking925 Words   |  4 Pages In this research paper I will discuss one transnational crime, and compare the contrast of two nations for their definition of the crime rate, and tools used to measure the crime. I will give each country’s legal tradition and their major influences on crime definition, rate, and measurement. In this assignment I will analyze the extent to which crime statistics collected in different nations can adequately be compared. I have chosen to address the transnational crime of drug trafficking

Marketing Strategies Of Nestle India For Chocolate...

MARKETING STRATEGIES OF NESTLE INDIA FOR CHOCOLATE PRODUCTS DECLARATION I hereby declare that the project work entitled â€Å"MARKETING STRATEGIES OF NESTLE INDIA FOR CHOCOLATE PRODUCTS† submitted by me for the partial fulfilment of the requirement of summer project. It is own original work and has not been submitted earlier either to any university or to any other Institution for the fulfilment of the requirement for any course of study. I also declare that no content of this project, in whole or in part is lifted and incorporated in this report from any earlier / other work done by me or others. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The completion of this project gives me an opportunity to convey our regards to all those who helped me to reach a stage where I have the confidence to launch my career in the competitive world of management. I take this opportunity to express my heart felt gratitude to Nestle India Ltd., for providing this opportunity to complete my summer training for Amity University. Their guidance made me in tune with corporate world. Their team of efficient colleagues extended full support and cooperation. I am also thankful to my faculty guide for her valuable guidance and support at all time. TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION LITERATURE REVIEW AND PROBLEM FORMUALTION COMPANY PROFILE †¢ Industrial Scenario †¢ Historical Highlights †¢ Major Products †¢ Marketing Strategies †¢ Distribution network †¢ Brand Loyalty †¢ MarketShow MoreRelatedThe Objective Of Nestle India Essay1445 Words   |  6 PagesOBJECTIVE OF NESTLE INDIA Nestle’s main goal is to be the head in Nutrition Condition and Wellness, and WE recognized in the industry for commercial presentation, and be trusted by all stakeholders. It is extremely well trusted that association is not just concerning size; it is additionally concerning behaviour. Trust, too, is concerning behaviour; and it knows that belief is received merely above a long era of period by consistently carrying on their promises. These goals and behaviours areRead MoreMarketing Strategy of Nestle vs Cadbury1313 Words   |  6 PagesASSIGNMENT ON MARKETING STRATEGY OF NESTLE VS CADBURY (COMPARATIVE) [pic] PRESENTED BY: SWATI SAXENA SWATI SINGH URVASHI DUBEY TASMIYA Group:33 MANAGEMET OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SHRI RAMSWAROOP GROUP OF PROFESSIONAL COLLEGES What is marketing strategy? Marketing strategy  is defined by  David Aaker  as a process that can allow an organizationRead MoreNestle s Marketing Strategies For Nestle1091 Words   |  5 PagesNestle S.A. is a Swiss food and drink company. It has been the world’s largest food company measured by the revenues and other metrics, for the years 2014, 2015, and 2016. Nestle was ranked 72 on the Fortune Global 500 in 2014 and it was ranked 33 on the 2016 edition of the Forbes Global 2000 list of largest public companies. Nestle s products include baby food, medical food, breakfast cereals, tea and coffee, confectionery, bottled water, dairy products, ice cream, pet foods, snacks and frozenRead MoreThe Multinational Company Nestle : The Biggest Fmcg Company Of The World1701 Words   |  7 Pagessome of the issues that make the international marketing very hard (Hofstede, 2003). The aim of this project is to highlight the issues that occur due to differences of culture and designing and implementation of marketing strategies when organizations are operating in different countries. For this project I have chosen the multinational company Nestle; the biggest FMCG company in the world. Nestle is a well-known company that provide quality of products according to the lifestyle, religious beliefRead MoreNestle vs Cadbury5506 Words   |  23 Pages2 NESTLE vs CADBURY An Evaluation of the Marketing Mix of Nestle and Cadbury Submitted to: Ms Shalini Gupta Submitted by: Chaitanya Hiremath Roll no - 370 2012 Shaheed Bhagat Singh College (Delhi University) ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I, a student of Shaheed Bhagat Singh College make a humble attempt to present my research project. It gives me immense pleasure to thank and extend my gratitude to Ms Shalini Gupta for extending her valuable time and continuous support in completing this project. I alsoRead MoreMarket Research on Chocolates4298 Words   |  18 PagesDATE :- 08/09/2008 CHOCOLATE MARKET ANALYSIS NAME :- ARCHANA MANI ROLL NO :- 03 CLASS :- MMS 2008-10 DIVISION :- A NO. 1. 2. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION PESTND ANALYSIS 2.1 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT 2.2 DEMOGRAPHICS 2.3 SOCIO-CULTURAL 2.4 TECHNOLOGICAL 2.5 LEGAL BIG PLAYERS 3.1 NESTLE INDIA LTD 3.2 SWOT ANALYSIS 3.3 CADBURY INDIA LTD 3.4 SWOT ANALYSIS AMUL LTD CADBURY NESTLE ANALYSIS 5.1 STRATEGY 5.2 MARKET COMPETITION 5.3 GENERIC COMPETITION 5.4 STRATEGIES TO KILL FAKE BRANDS PRICING TARGETRead MoreUnilever V Nestle1235 Words   |  5 Pagesoperate in a global market place and to develop appropriate strategies. A global strategy is an organisational plan that takes into account these new global realities. Both Nestle and Unilever have developed global distribution and marketing networks, based on their powerbrands i.e. market leading brands that are recognisable in nearly every country in the world. Both Nestle and Unilever have many powerbrands. Key aspects of global strategy include: 1. Treating the global market as the domesticRead MoreMarketing Strategy : A Competitive Advantage1712 Words   |  7 PagesThe marketing strategy pursued by a company is dictated by many factors, including size, product category, competition, and organizational structure. Strategy as defined in the text is â€Å"a planned set of actions employed to make best use of a companies core competencies to gain a competitive advantage†. (1) Implementing a successful internationalization business strategy is not confined to large MNEs, increasingly small to medium enterprises find them selves operating in a global market. A businessRead MoreChocolate Industry in India10906 Words   |  44 PagesAn Analytical Study of Chocolate Industry in India with Special Reference to Cadburys India is a sweet CHOCOLATE story of chocolates in the hot and humid plains of INDIA, which enlightens us about the size status of chocolate industry in India. The project gives information about the competitors, their market share, and their product basket and highlights success features. The project also presents data on types categories of chocolates, a brief study of chocolate manufacturing process TheRead MoreMarketing 4ps1314 Words   |  6 PagesFundamental Of Marketing MKT 243 INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT(NESTLE MILO) NAME : SHAHRUL IZANY BIN SHAHIR MATRIX NO : 2010486584 GROUP : J3BM1112B LECTURER : MISS NOR FAZLIN BINTI UTEH INTRODUCTION | 1 | PRODUCT | 2 | PRICING | 3 | PLACE | 4 | PROMOTION | 5-6 | INTRODUCTION Nestlà © began in Malaysia in 1912 as the Anglo-Swiss Condensed Milk Company in Penang and later, growth and expansion made a move to Kuala Lumpur necessary in 1939. Since 1962

A Survey Of Jazz Louis Armstrong - 1056 Words

Ricky Vong 10/7/14 Music 1236 Survey of Jazz Louis Armstrong From its inception, Jazz has applied both innovative approaches in different degrees and boundless configuration. And has continually amplified, progress, and modify music through various distinctive episodes of growth. So, an all-encompassing denotation of jazz is likely vain. Additionally, jazz as a music whose prime attribute was â€Å"improvisation,† for example, revealed to be too regulated and chiefly false. Meanwhile composition, adaptation, and ensembles have also been imperative constituent of Jazz (for most of its backstory). Furthermore, â€Å"syncopation† and â€Å"swing,† often viewed as important and distinctive to jazz, are certainly lacking the genuineness of it, whether of the 1920s (or of later decades). However, the prolonged perception that swing could not transpire without syncopation was utterly refuted when trumpeter Louis Armstrong often produced vast swing while playing repeated, and unsyncopated quarter notes (Armstrong, L., Fitzgerald, E., Middleton, V. (1988). Satchmo. Gong.) Armstrong grew up in atrocious destitution of New Orleans, Louisiana, when jazz was still fairly young. He learned to play the cornet in the home s band (Colored Waifs Home), and in his teenage years he learned music by paying close attention to the popular jazz artist of the day, New Orleans corniest, King Oliver (he also acted as his mentor). Moreover, he evolved expeditiously, and went on to play the trumpet. HeShow MoreRelatedJazz in Invisible Man1464 Words   |  6 Pagesis why Ellison chooses to illustrate his novel with jazz. Jazz music in Invisible Man gives feelings that Ellison could never explain in words. In Ralph Ellison’s Invisible Man, the narrator’s search for his identity can be compared to the structure of a jazz composition. In order to see the parallel between the novel and jazz, one must first see how Ellison incorporates jazz music in the prologue of the novel. He not only sets the scene with jazz music in the background but also gives the narratorRead MoreWhat Is The Types Of Music?1587 Words   |  7 PagesCountry,Alternative Country,Contemporary Country.Fifteen types total,that is a big family.(Piero scaruffi) From then on, I begin to find out how many kind of music we have,i found there are blues,classical music,country music,electronic music,jazz,latin music,pop music,metal music,punk music,rap,reggae music,rhythm and blues(RB) and rock.14 kinds of music.(different types of music)Every kind of it have more small divide.For blues,i got Piedmont blues or East Coast blues,Jump blues,Chicago bluesRead MoreA comparison between the 1920s and the 1980s.1408 Words   |  6 Pagesonly those with membership cards, and had the most modern alarm systems to avoid being shut down (Hanson 28). In the beginning of the 1980s drugs begin to spread rapidly through inner cities because of the easy accessibility. In 1982 the National Survey on Drug Abuse found 22 million Americans had used cocaine one time in their life. It became the choice of drug for the famous and successful; professional athletes, celebrities in entertainment, lawyers, university professors, and Wall Street brokersRead MoreNational Hall of Jazz Fame Essay2978 Words   |  12 Pagesconsultant? Mr. Rutland’s project vision was to save Paramount Theatre, a local landmark, by establishing a National Jazz Hall of Fame that could be used as a museum and performance center. The board of Directors determined that to save the Paramount Theatre a minimum of $600,000 would be needed, which caused the plan to unravel. However, to support their passion and love for jazz, they continued their efforts to establish the NJHoF in Charlottesville, VA. Mr. Rutland selected a consultant to reviewRead MoreThemes and Styles of Ralph Ellison3336 Words   |  14 PagesIn The Invisible Man the narrator frees himself from his isolation and blindness by unlocking the past which is accomplished through folklore. African American folktale incorporated in his works includes sermons, tales, games, jokes, boasts, toasts, jazz (blues), and spirituals. The values of black American life are reflected in this spirited language. It demonstrates the past as the single real source of genuine black self- definition. Ellison was quoted once stating his belief in strong use of folkloreRead More Slowly Moving Towards Legalizing Marijuana Essay3153 Words   |  13 PagesAfrican-Americans benefitted from anything that relieved the stress of plantation capitalism. For Louis Armstrong, music and marijuana was the escape from the misery. He agreed that a few puffs of that good shuzzit helped him live and let live (12). Armstrong, a hero of his race, prominently endured the southern hate while keeping a strong, positive spirit as he composed beauty up on the stage. Armstrong created musical masterpieces no one had heard, all because he fell in with The Vipers— the marijuana-enthusedRead MoreBrief Summary of the Harlem Renaissance.1863 Words   |  8 Pagesarts had begun a steady development just before the turn of the century. In the performing arts, black musical theater featured such accomplished artists as songwriter Bob Cole and composer J. Rosamond Johnson, brother of writer J ames Weldon Johnson. Jazz and blues music moved with black populations from the South and Midwest into the bars and cabarets of Harlem. In literature, the poetry of Paul Laurence Dunbar and the fiction of Charles W. Chesnutt in the late 1890s were among the earliest works ofRead MoreA Decade Of Conflict, Conformity And Culture2821 Words   |  12 PagesA DECADE OF CONFLICT, CONFORMITY AND CULTURE The era of the 1920s has been depicted as the Roaring Twenties, a time of glamour and glitter with the rise of parties, the dance of the â€Å"flappers,† the culture of the Jazz Age, and the consumption of pleasures and indulgence in leisure. But the 1920s were more than just the trend of looking good or listening to the blues, it was also a time of conflict, the fight and struggles of women and race, amongst others. By reading two distinct focuses of the afterRead MoreAnalysis of the Music Industry30024 Words   |  121 PagesKey Note believes there is great potential for the live music market. Encouragement for live events comes from public funders, such as the Art Councils, although funding is biased towards the more intellectual or minority types of music (classical, jazz and world music). In mainstream music, recording and marketing are now dominated by just four `majors worldwide, one of which is the UK s own giant record company, EMI Group PLC. The other majors are Universal Music Group and Warner Music GroupRead MoreModern History.Hsc.2012 Essay25799 Words   |  104 Pagesthree – Douglas MacArthur Topic Four – World War I TOPIC ONE – USA 1919-1941 USA 1920’S * the radio age * felt like istory had turned a corner and never going back * stock market * black Thursday November 24 1929 * the jazz age * a speakeasyyyyyyy How significant were the Republican policies in causing the great depression? The significance of the republic policies were great, they brought a lot of growth in the 20’s allowing the market to strive over lots of

Revenue Allocation Formula in Nigeria Essay Example For Students

Revenue Allocation Formula in Nigeria Essay REVENUE ALLOCATION FORMULA IN NIGERIA INTRODUCTION Prior to the discovery of oil in Nigeria, other sectors of the economy thrived. Agriculture, for instance, was a major source of revenue for the Western Region. The Eastern Region that was less endowed devised other sources of revenue. All this has however changed since the discovery of oil in the country. This has led to the demise of the other productive sectors of the economy. In fact, Nigerians are poorer today than they were in the pre-oil boom days. This is mainly because of the methodology of sharing the oil revenue. The struggle for the control of the oil wealth has led to an unfortunate shift from a revenue-oriented principle to an expenditure-oriented principle of revenue allocation. According to a former Governor of one of the oil producing states: It is an act of self-deception for anyone to argue that there is nothing wrong with the revenue formula. We have had basically two systems of revenue allocation in Nigeria. We will write a custom essay on Revenue Allocation Formula in Nigeria specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The first system which we practiced during the First Republic allowed the North to keep the proceeds from its groundnut and cotton, the West to keep the proceeds from its cocoa, and the East to keep the proceeds from coal and oil produce. Then we changed the system so that the Federal Government got its hands on the proceeds from on-shore and off-shore crude petroleum proceeds, and yet we dont expect the minorities in the oil-producing areas to perceive that is an injustice done to them. The oil-producing minorities have a point that the rule of the revenue allocation game was changed to disfavor them (Professor Bolaji Akinyemi, COMET, June 6, 2001). It is against the backdrop of the preceding assertion, delivered by a Nigeria academic and a delegate to the National Political Reform Conference, that the complicated discussion regarding the revenue allocation formula at the National Political Reform Conference might be visualized. The South-South zone (in the imagined or putative division of Nigeria into six geo-political zones) insists at this confabulation that in order to address past anomalies in the allocation scheme that it should be given 25% instead of 13% (or 17%) as a first step toward boosting the percentage to 50%. The request made to the conference flowed from the environment devastation of the region and for development befitting the area that lays the golden egg. Having personally flown over the South-South zone and traveled by road in the egion, I can attest to the lamentable condition in the area. In spite of the empirical evidence to support the claims of the South-South at the confab, the north, as represented by some of its oligarchs argue against a change in the formula that would address the needs of the ethnic minorities whose territory houses the countrys bread winner-crude oil. The north argues for a 17% derivation for the oil-producing area. The attitude (and expression) of Umaru Dik ko, representing the interest of the north at this conference, is analogous to that which he was alleged to have affirmed in 1994. Indeed, he noted, proverbially, his concern regarding the inauguration of a National Conference set up by the late Abacha administration-a conference that was intended to work out the modalities for the formation of the Nigeria state. He said: No man becomes a hero by selling his fathers house to buy a land (West Africa, February 14-20, 1994, p. 251). What Dikko was implying, arguably, was that Abacha (a Northerner) was, by the nature and scope of the National Conference that he had set up, selling off the northern interests without being cognizant of what he would get in return for the north. Indeed, Dikko is determined at this meeting to represent the interest of the north come hell or high water. He and his northern colleagues should be aware also that the South-South zone should and must defend the areas interest. But the issue of revenue allocation formula is so serious that it really calls for a New Thinking-a Rational Thinking by the actors at this juncture of the conference. That Nigeria has a federal system of government (at least on paper) is a given. What this arrangement implies is that Nigerians could live and work in any part of the country. Therefore should the South-South region develop substantially, as a result of the 25-50% revenue allocation from oil, all Nigerians will benefit from it. By this I mean that Nigerians from any part of the federation could move to the region to work and to contribute to the growth of the area. After all, Nigerians from the south who were domiciled in the north and operated their businesses in the region have been part of the engine of development both in the pre- and post- civil war eras. In the same vein, too, northerners who might migrate to the South-South zone will also participate in the areas development. .uc73bc0a5a63f118bc65ca78b44bedd70 , .uc73bc0a5a63f118bc65ca78b44bedd70 .postImageUrl , .uc73bc0a5a63f118bc65ca78b44bedd70 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc73bc0a5a63f118bc65ca78b44bedd70 , .uc73bc0a5a63f118bc65ca78b44bedd70:hover , .uc73bc0a5a63f118bc65ca78b44bedd70:visited , .uc73bc0a5a63f118bc65ca78b44bedd70:active { border:0!important; } .uc73bc0a5a63f118bc65ca78b44bedd70 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc73bc0a5a63f118bc65ca78b44bedd70 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc73bc0a5a63f118bc65ca78b44bedd70:active , .uc73bc0a5a63f118bc65ca78b44bedd70:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc73bc0a5a63f118bc65ca78b44bedd70 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc73bc0a5a63f118bc65ca78b44bedd70 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc73bc0a5a63f118bc65ca78b44bedd70 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc73bc0a5a63f118bc65ca78b44bedd70 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc73bc0a5a63f118bc65ca78b44bedd70:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc73bc0a5a63f118bc65ca78b44bedd70 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc73bc0a5a63f118bc65ca78b44bedd70 .uc73bc0a5a63f118bc65ca78b44bedd70-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc73bc0a5a63f118bc65ca78b44bedd70:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: I felt like Teo EssayIn all, that bargaining and compromising are central tenets of a democratic dispensation should not be lost in the present political fury to promote individual, parochial and regional centrifugal interests at the expense of national cohesion. The revenue and resources generated in the country are shared among three tiers of government: Federal, state and local government according to their constitutional responsibilities. The internal autonomy of 1946 coupled with the sharing of constitutional responsibilities raised the problem of revenue allocation in Nigeria. In an effort to find an acceptable formulae for sharing of revenue in Nigeria, as many as mine commissions were set up between 1946 and 1988. The revenue allocations commissions appointed in Nigeria to recommended acceptable formulae so far included: THE PHILLIPSON COMMISSION (1946) This commission recommended derivation and even development as the main principles for revenue allocation. THE HICKS PHILLIPSON COMMISSION (1951) This commission recommended that revenue in Nigeria should be allocated based on the principles of derivation, need and national interest. THE CHICKS COMMISSION (1953) Derivation and fiscal autonomy were the principle chicks commission recommended for the sharing of revenue in Nigeria. THE RAISMAN COMMISSION (1958) This commission, which recommended for the creation of Distribution Pool Account (DPA) with fixed regional proportional shares, favored the principles of derivation, fiscal autonomy, population and even development for revenue sharing. It allocated 40% to the North, the East 3194 the West 24% and Southern Cameroon 5%. THE BINNS COMMISSION (1964) This commission adopted the Raisman principles but altered the shares of the regions in the following order: The North 42% East 30%, West 20% and Mid-West 5%. THE DINAS COMMISSION (1968) The report of this commission, which was rejected by the government recommended derivation, need and balanced development tax efforts. THE ABOYADE TECHNICAL COMMITTEE (1977) The report of this committee, which was rejected on the ground of being too technical, recommended the principles of equality of access to development opportunities (25%) national minimum standards for national integration (22%). bsorptive capacity (20%), independent revenue effort (18%) and fiscal efficiency (15%). The commission allocated 57% of the federal revenue to the federal government, 30% to state government, 10% to local government and 3% to special fund. THE OKIGBO COMMISSION (1980) This commission known as the presidential commission headed by economics guru Dr. Pius Okigbo recommended the principles of equality (40%) , population (40%), social development (15%) and internal revenue effort (5%). The commission allocated 53% of the federal revenue to the federal government, 30% to state, 10% to local government and 7% to special fund. PRINCIPLE CONSIDEREDED IN THE ALLOCATION OF REVENUE IN NIGERIA AND PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED. In the previous chapter, we emphasized several commissions set up to find acceptable formula for distribution of national resources. The commissions recommended certain principles for national recourses distribution or allocation. In spite of all these commissions set up in the past, Nigeria is yet to find out an acceptable revenue allocation formula for the country. In fact lack of generally acceptable revenue allocation formula is one of the insurmountable problems confronting Nigeria governments and) earning for urgent attention. Below are the principles considered in the allocation of revenue in Nigeria and problems associated. PRINCIPLE CONSIDERED IN THE ALLOCATION OF REVENUE IN NIGERIA POPULATION: This principles call for allocation of revenue according to population in such a manner that areas with high population should get high revenue. UNIFORM DEVELOPMENT: Even development of the country is the main concern of this principle and therefore calls for allocation of mineral resources to underdeveloped areas to enable them catch up with the more developed areas. NEEDS This principle implies that distributions of revenue should be based on the development needs of an area. NATIONAL INTEREST: This principle suggests that the interest of the nation should be the guiding principles in revenue allocation. EQUALITY OF UNITS: This principles advocate% equal allocation of revenue to all states irrespective of their sizes, population, needs, level of development etc. MINIMUM NATIONAL STANDARDS: This principle implies that revenue should be allocated to all component states so that they maintain stated functions such as education and health. MISCELLANEOUS: Other principles considered in allocation of national resources include: fiscal autonomy, fiscal efficiency, access to development opportunities, tax efforts, social development, internal revenue effort etc. PROBLEMS OF REVENUE ALLOCATION IN NIGERIA The principles considered in the national resources distribution have given birth to many problems as we are going to highlights below. CENSUS IRREGULARITIES Census, periodical counting of population of a nation usualIy per decade. Statistical data collected in census is used to access population of an area, level of development, number of infrastructure among other things. .uef6716a452dda807b81f34dc54efcb33 , .uef6716a452dda807b81f34dc54efcb33 .postImageUrl , .uef6716a452dda807b81f34dc54efcb33 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uef6716a452dda807b81f34dc54efcb33 , .uef6716a452dda807b81f34dc54efcb33:hover , .uef6716a452dda807b81f34dc54efcb33:visited , .uef6716a452dda807b81f34dc54efcb33:active { border:0!important; } .uef6716a452dda807b81f34dc54efcb33 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uef6716a452dda807b81f34dc54efcb33 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uef6716a452dda807b81f34dc54efcb33:active , .uef6716a452dda807b81f34dc54efcb33:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uef6716a452dda807b81f34dc54efcb33 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uef6716a452dda807b81f34dc54efcb33 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uef6716a452dda807b81f34dc54efcb33 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uef6716a452dda807b81f34dc54efcb33 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uef6716a452dda807b81f34dc54efcb33:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uef6716a452dda807b81f34dc54efcb33 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uef6716a452dda807b81f34dc54efcb33 .uef6716a452dda807b81f34dc54efcb33-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uef6716a452dda807b81f34dc54efcb33:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Trifles EssayIn a situation where principles for national resources distribution recommended allocating large portion of revenue to area with high population, problems arise. The problems of census irregularities occur for the fact that principles for national resources distribution recommended allocation to high-populated area. Since Nigeria got independence in year 1960, she had had about five national censuses conducted, but many of them gave accurate figure simply because of reason mentioned earlier. It is obvious that inaccuracy in population data would not cease as far as these formulae is in play NIGER- DELTA CRISIS Nigeria is blessed with natural resources of which mineral resources are one of them. Mineral resources such as crude oil are found in Niger-Delta region. Before agricultural products like palm produce is booming business in Nigeria, which increased its foreign exchange: thereafter, petroleum, refined products of crude oil take after palm produce. This has promoted Nigeria economy since then. There had been a protest against Nigeria government by people of Niger-Delta over allocation formulae adopted by federal government. They are also protesting for under development of their area in that resources are derived from their area. Niger-Delta crisis has been fueled by lack of generally acceptable formulae for national resources distribution. QUEST FOR STATE CREATION Considering the principles for revenue allocation its can be deducted that it is being shared into three federal, state and local government. For this every reason, quest for state creation has been on increase. State creation has never been done without some negative impart left as justice can never be given on a platter of time. State creation has constituted an insurmountable problem in Nigeria as it is under consideration in national resources distribution. CONCLUSION Derivation is the only revenue oriented principle of revenue allocation, unlike other principles (such as population and equality of state), which are expenditure oriented. As revenue oriented criterion, it serves as a major factor for the promotion of the most desired â€Å"national interest† of the country. It creates satisfaction for the producer of the revenue by compensating him for his efforts, sufferings, deprivations and ecological damages associated with the generation of the revenue such as in the oil industry. There is thus need to revert back to a revenue generation oriented principle of revenue allocation. Admittedly, derivation if applied today will severely disadvantage most of the non-oil producing states. Although this is true, this will only be in the short run. This is so since most of them will have no choice but to develop other sources of income. We must not forget that the country is well endowed with other productive assets and resources. As already mentioned, prior to the discovery of oil, agriculture was the main stay of the economy. The struggle for control of the oil revenue has been the main reason for the decimation of the agricultural sector of the Nigerian economy. A policy shift, which places more emphasis on derivation, will therefore force the non-oil states to refocus on the areas of their comparative advantage like agriculture. Admittedly, this will not be easy as the revenue and tax laws have since been over-centralized all in the bid to justify the prominent role of the Federal Government in the Nigerian polity. There is thus the need to give more powers for revenue creation and control back to the states. Such states will therefore be in a position to take into consideration their peculiar circumstances before determining their tax and revenue laws. REFERENCES Banerjee, A. J. Dola do, J. W. Galbraith, and D. F. Hendry (1993), Cointegration, Error-Correction, and the Econometric Analysis of Non-Stationary Data, Oxford University Press, Oxford. Berg, A. and C. Pattillo (1999), â€Å"Are Currency Crises Predictable? A Test†, IMF Staff Papers, 46: 107-138. Blanchard, O. –J. and S. Fischer (1989, Lectures on Macroeconomics, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA. Busari, T. D. and K. W. Olayiwola (1999), â€Å"Stabilization Policy in Nigeria under Alternative Exchange Rate Regimes: A Postulated Empirical macro-Model Approach†, Central Bank of Nigeria Economic and Financial Review, vol. 37 (1), March: 21-35. Caballero, R. J. and V. Corbo (1989), â€Å"The Effect of Real Exchange Rate Uncertainty on Exports: Empirical Evidence†, World Bank Economic Review, vol. 3: 263-278. Cagan, P. D. (1956), â€Å"The Money Dynamics of Hyperinflation†, in M. Friedman (ed. ), Studies in the Quantity Theory of Money, pp. 23-117, University of Chicago Press, Chicago. Corrinne, H and R. N. McCauley (2003), Living with Flexible exchange Rates: Issues and Recent Experience in Inflation Targeting Emerging Markets Economies†, BIS Working Papers 30, February. Dornbusch, R. and S. Fischer (1993), â€Å"Moderate Inflation†, World Bank Economic Review, vol. 7: 1-44.

Bean Trees Essay free essay sample

Most authors convey an important message or idea throughout their novels to give a greater understanding to their readers. In Barbara Kingfishers novel, The Bean Trees, a strong idea that was developed was the possibility of new beginnings. The Bean Trees is the story of the protagonist Taylor Greer, who starts off on a journey from her home town of Kentucky to Arizona. Along the way she she Is given an abandoned child which is the start to her learning about motherhood, becoming a women, the power of friendships and also learns to be capable.The Idea of new singings Is the ability for characters to start over and leave their past behind them. It was mainly developed through Taylor, Turtle, and also a Guatemalan couple Stefan and Separates. The first person who helped develop this Idea Is Taylor. At the beginning of the story Taylor was called Marietta before she decided that she wanted to have a clean break because she had never been crazy about the names which she had been called previously. We will write a custom essay sample on Bean Trees Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I didnt have any special name In mind, but lust wanted a change this fitted into the theme of new beginnings because she was palpable of leaving behind her old life and things that surrounded her name and had the opportunity to have the chance to create a new destiny for herself. As well as giving herself another chance to start her life and live it the way that she wanted through the changing of her name she also left her home town, house, friends, and mother all in search of somewhere new to live her life. She used chance to decide where she was going to stop with the use of her car.Wherever it ran out of fuel or something happened to it, she would stop there. With the ambition of leaving her old Kentucky life behind her, she started a Journey which led her to Oklahoma. This just happened to be the place where she was given an abandoned child. This was another new beginning for Taylor. Can you talk?. .. What am I supposed to do with you tonight? What do you eat?.. . This series of questions that Taylor asked the abandoned child showed that she had absolutely no idea what she was doing and still had to learn the first steps of becoming a mother.It was a new beginning for her to take on responsibility for someone else. She had to grow, learn and understand in order to take care of the child that she had suddenly gained to take on her journey. She may not have understood what to do or how to do it, or even truly wanted this new beginning, but all in all she was given the chance. Kingfisher suggests through the use of Taylor that often life presents us with unexpected occurrences, but If grasped correctly can lead to a possible great change, and therefore future.Through the use of Taylor as a character Kingfisher helps to show us that around the corner, In every situation, If something as small as a car Journey, can lead to amazing opportunities to start afresh In our lives. Turtle Is another character that helps develop Kingfishers Idea of new beginnings. Turtle Is an abandoned 3 year old Indian child, who was abused when she was younger. After her mother died she was left to an unexpected Taylor who was just someone passing through the town, but turned into the receiver off child who she had no clue what to do with.On later inspection of the child which she named Turtle she noticed that her body was covered in ;bruises and worse as Taylor said. When Taylor realized that turtle was a could not imagine. Through this you can picture Just how horrible the life this young child must have had. However this was the end of her bad story and the beginning to a new one. Just like Taylor she is given a new name, but also a new mother, new friends, and a new chance. With the opportunity Turtle is now able to grow. Turtle had managed to get through her whole life without a book, I suppose, and then she had two of them bought for her in one day. This quote shows the beginning if Turtles chance of recovery. She was a 3 year old stuck in an 18 month old body. She was a child with a horrible past, but a chance to start over. The development of Turtle made you understand that the majority of people are at some point given the ability to have a new beginning, no matter how terrible their life was before hand. Stefan and Separates are a Guatemalan couple who are also given the opportunity to have a new beginning and therefore helped develop the idea of new beginnings. Stefan and Separates are people who are illegally living in Tucson. Separates and Stefan live in Mattes sanctuary that she has set up for people like them. After becoming good friends with Taylor they decide that they need to move on from Tucson and instantly running from the law. With Taylor and Turtle they set off to go to a safe house in Oklahoma. They were considered illegal and needed to be taken out of the country. However there should not be people Judged as legal or illegal. There is only a difference between people who are good or bad. Because of this they are taken to a safe house where they are unlikely to be taken away. Instead of focusing on the negative once at the church Stefan says dont think of us stuck here forever. Think of us back in Guatemala with our families. His optimism in their new ability to have a lean break and go back to their home country showed the idea of new beginnings in a different light. It'[s not always physically being somewhere that gives people their new beginnings.Sometimes it is Just a chance that makes believing in what was, or what could be, possible again. This is how Stefan and Separates helped doodle new beginnings as an idea in the novel. In conclusion, everyone has a chance at a new beginning, whether big or small. Three different sets of characters showed this throughout the novel The Bean Trees. Taylor helped the idea become present in the Tory as well as develop in as not only the physical actions that allow the new beginning to happen, but also a state of mind.Turtle developed the idea so that it showed the readers that Just because someones life starts out badly, it doesnt mean their opportunity to have a new beginning wont come along. Stefan and Separates developed the idea so that you realized sometimes all that you need is faith to have the chance at a new beginning. In the end new beginnings was an idea that many characters showed their their own stories and therefore developed into their own way of showing the idea and allowing readers to understand it.