Diabetes, Minority Status, and the African American and Hispanic American Communities :: Biology Essays Research Papers

Diabetes, nonage Status, and the African American and Hispanic American CommunitiesIn March of 2003, a bill known as the Minority Population Diabetes Prevention and reign over Act of 2003 was introduced to Congress, and then referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce. According to this bills findings, minority populations, including African Americans, Hispanics, Native Americans, and Asians, have the highest relative incidence of diabetes and the highest complications of the disease (1). The alarming cast at which the incidence of diabetes is affecting African American and Hispanic American communities has led the government, health care professionals, clinics, and other organizations to begin to question the motion by which information and treatment is being accessed by members of these communities.Diabetes mellitus is defined as a group of diseases characterized by high levels of blood glucose, which result from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both (2). There are two types of diabetes, virtuoso that occurs when the body produces little or no insulin, and that typically affects children and young adults, and the other, which typically develops in adults, and occurs when the body does not use insulin effectively, types II diabetes being the most common (3). According to the CDC and the National Center for Health Statistics, the deed of Americans with diabetes in the year 2000 was 17 million or 6.2 percent of the population, as compared to 15.7 million (5.9 percent) in 1998 (4). However, and on average, Hispanic Americans and African Americans are to the highest degree twice as likely to have diabetes in comparison to sportsmanlike Americans. In addition, African Americans and Hispanic Americans show a higher incidence of suffering from diabetes related complications including but not limited to eye and kidney disease, amputations, optic disease, heart stroke etc (5). Various factors are said to increase the chances of growth typ e II diabetes. These factors fall under two categories-genetics and medical/ life-style risk factors, which include impaired glucose tolerance, gestational diabetes, hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, obesity and physiologic legal action (6). Although studies have shied away from making direct correlations between obesity/physical activity and the susceptibility of developing type II diabetes, researchers suspect, however, that a lose of exercise and obesity, as well as other unidentifiable factors, may be contributing to the high diabetes rates in African American and Hispanic American communities. The NHANES III survey indicated that 50 percent of African American men/65 percent of Mexican American men, and 67 percent of African American women/74 percent of Mexican American women participated in little or no exercise (7).